eLaws | eCases | State of Pennsylvania |
 Pennsylvania Code (Last Updated: April 5, 2016)
 Title 25. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
 PART I. Department of Environmental Protection
 Subpart D. Environmental Health and Safety
 Article IX. Residual Waste Management
 Chapter 289. Residual Waste Disposal Impoundments
 SubChapter E. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS II RESIDUAL WASTE DISPOSAL IMPOUNDMENTS

  Appendix A. TABLE I MINIMUM LINER DESIGN STANDARDS

Latest version.



  • Minimum FieldLiner Density
    Thickness (Units(Tests as
    Liner MaterialFunctionas Specified)Specified)Remarks
    GeosyntheticsPrimary or Secondary Liner30 mil N/A1. A greater thickness may be required depending upon the recommendations of the manufacturer. HDPE liners shall be at least 60 mil.
    GeosyntheticsCap30 milN/A 1. A greater thickness may be required depending upon the recommendations of the manufacturer.
    Natural & Remolded Clay Secondary Liner, Cap,
    Composite Component     		2 feet
    2 feet
    1 foot     		›=90%*
    ›=90%*
    ›=90%*     		1. Minimum of 30% fines by weight less than 0.074 mm particle size (#200 sieve).
    2. Plasticity Index greater than or equal to 10.
    3. No coarse fragments greater than 3/4 inch in diameter.
    Sodium bentonite & Bentonite-like materials/soil mixtures Secondary Liner, Cap,
    Composite Component     		2 feet
    2 feet
    1 foot     		›=90%*
    ›=90%*
    ›=90%*     		1. Minimum of 8% powdered sodium bentonite or manufacturer’s recommendations, whichever is greater.
    2. No coarse fragments greater than 3/4 inch in diameter.
    3. No organic matter.
    4. Coarse fragment content (those materials greater than 4.76 mm. in diameter) shall not exceed 10% by weight.
    Geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) Composite Component N/A N/A 1. Minimum of 3/4 pound of powdered or granular sodium bentonite per square foot.

    * Percentage of maximum when using Standard Proctor method of design (Pa. PTM No. 106, Method B).

    Cross References

    This table is cited in 25 Pa. Code § 289.242 (relating to cover); 25 Pa. Code § 289.434 (relating to secondary liner); and 25 Pa. Code § 289.436 (relating to primary liner).

    TABLE II
    MINIMUM LINER DESIGN STANDARDS


    Minimum FieldLiner Density
    Thickness (Units(Tests as
    Liner MaterialFunctionas Specified)Specified)Remarks
    GeosyntheticsLiner Cap 30 milN/A 1. A greater thickness may be required depending upon the recommendations of the manufacturer. HDPE liners shall be at least 60 mil.
    Natural & Remolded Clay Cap,
    Composite Component     		2 feet
    1 foot
    		›=90%*
    ›=90%*
    		1. Minimum of 30% fines by weight less than 0.074 mm particle size (#200 sieve).
    2. Plasticity Index greater than or equal to 10.
    3. No coarse fragments greater than 3/4 inch in diameter.
    Sodium bentonite & Bentonite-like materials/soil mixtures Cap,
    Composite Component     		2 feet
    1 foot     		›=90%*
    ›=90%*     		1. Minimum of 8% powdered sodium bentonite or manufacturer’s recommendations, whichever is greater.
    2. No coarse fragments greater than 3/4 inch in diameter.
    3. No organic matter.
    4. Coarse fragment content (those materials greater than 4.76 mm. in diameter), shall not exceed 10% by weight.
    Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) Composite Component N/AN/A 1. Minimum of 3/4 pound of powdered or granular sodium bentonite per square foot.


    * Percentage of maximum when using Standard Proctor method of design (Pa. PTM No. 106, Method B).

    Cross References

    This table cited in 25 Pa. Code § 289.535 (relating to liner).